EFFECTS OF BRAIN AGE TO INCREASE COGNITIVE FUNCTION IN ELDERLY
Keywords:
Brain Age, brain training game, cognitive, elderlyAbstract
Background. The concept of cognitive (from Latin cognosere, to know or to recognize) refers to the ability to process information, applying knowledge, and change the trend. cognitive function of the elderly can be optimized through a variety of ways, one of that way is the brain training game (Brain Age). The game was created specifically to train the cognitive function of elderly.
Objective. To determine the effect of Brain Ag) to the improvement of cognitive function in the elderly in Malang.
Methods. Quasi-experimental pretest-posttest approach, the treatment and control groups, and the sampling is done with purposive sampling to obtain the 20 respondents. Data collection instrument in this study are in general cognitive tests by using a measuring instrument MMSE. Then the data were analyzed by Mann-Whitney test showed p value 0.000 <α 0.05.
Results. There is the effect of therapy brain training game (Brain Age) on increasing cognitive function of elderly in Malang.
Conclusion. Therapy of brain training game (Brain Age) can be used as an alternative method of nursing actions that can be implemented in nursing geriatric and to consider inter-community cooperation between the elderly or nursing home.
References
Reuser M, Bonneux L, Willekens F.. The effect of risk faktors on the duration of cognitive impairment: A multistate life table analysis of the U.S. Health and Retirement Survey. Netspar Discussion Paper 2010 01/2010-036.
Smith GE, Housen P, Yaffe K, Ruff R, Kennison RF. A cognitive training program based on principles of brain plasticity: results from the Improvement in Memory with Plasticity-based Adaptive Cognitive Training (IMPACT) study. J Am Geriatr Soc 2009 57: 594–603.
Uchida S, Kawashima R. Reading and solving arithmetic problems improves cognitive functions of normal aged people: a randomized controlled study. Age (Dordr) 2008 30: 21–29.
Arikunto S. 2002. Prosedur Penelitian Suatu Pendekatan Praktik. Ed. Revisi V. Jakarta: Rineka cipta.
Alimul. 2009. Metode Penelitian dan Keperawatan & Tehnik Analisa Data. Jakarta: Salemba Medika.
Saragih,Eva Christine.2010. Gambaran Depresi pada Lanjut Usia. Fakultas kedokteran Universitas Sumatera Utara.
Ball K, Berch DB, Helmers KF, Jobe JB, Leveck MD, et al. Effects of cognitive training interventions with older adults: a randomized controlled trial. JAMA 2002 288: 2271–2281.
Ball K, Edwards JD, Ross LA. The impact of speed of processing trainingon cognitive and everyday functions. J Gerontol B Psychol Sci Soc Sci 2007 62: 19–31.
Basak C, Boot WR, Voss MW, Kramer AF. Can training in a real-time strategy video game attenuate cognitive decline in older adults?. Psychol Aging 2008 23: 765–777.
Basford, L. 2006. Teori dan Praktk Keperawatan: Pendekatan Integral Pada Asuhan Pasien. Jakarta : EGC.
Bostrom, N., Sandberg, A. Cognitive Enhancements: Methods, Ethics, Regulatory Challenges. Sci Eng Ethics (2009), 2009 15:311-341.
Depkes RI. 2008. Profil Kesehatan Indonesia. Jakarta: Depkes RI.
Edwards JD, Wadley VG, Vance DE, Wood K, Roenker DL. The impact of speed of processing training on cognitive and everyday performance. Aging Ment Health 2005 9: 262–271.
Fitriani J. Pemeriksaan Clock Drawing Test Pada Usia Lanjut di Panti Werdha KETIS. Manado: FK Unsrat; 2011.
Green CS, Bavelier D. Exercising your brain: a review of human brain plasticity and traininginduced learning. Psychol Aging 2008 23:692–701.
Hernawati, I. 2006. Pedoman Tatalaksana Gizi Usia Lanjut Untuk Tenaga,Kesehatan. Depkes:Jakarta.
Kelompok Studi Fungsi Luhur PERDOSSI. Konsensus pengenalan dini dan penatalaksanaan demensia vaskuler. Edisi 2. Jakarta: Eisai; 2004; 1-7; 30; 40-41
Kementrian RI. 2013. Gambaran Kesehatan Lanjut Usia di Indonesia. Pusat data dan informasi Kementrian Kesehatan RI. ISDN 2088 - 270x.
Lustig C, Shah P, Seidler R, Reuter-Lorenz P. 2009. Aging, training, and the brain: a review and future directions. Neuropsychol Rev 19: 504–522.
Mahncke HW, Connor BB, Appelman J, Ahsanuddin ON, Hardy JL, et al.. Memory enhancement in healthy older adults using a brain plasticitybased training program: a randomized, controlled study. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2006 103: 12523–12528.
Maryam, R. Siti. 2008. Mengenal Usia Lanjut dan Perawatannya. Jakarta: Salemba Medika.
Mozolic JL, Long AB, Morgan AR, RawleyPayne M, Laurienti PJ. A cognitive training intervention improves modality-specific attention in a randomized controlled trial of healthy older adults. Neurobiol Aging 2011 32: 655–668.
Mubarak. 2009. Ilmu Keperawatan Komunitas, Konsep dan Aplikasi, Salemba Medika.
Myers, J.S. Factors Associated With Changing Cognitive Function in Older Adults: Implications for Nursing Rehabilitation. Rehabilitation Nursing ; May/Jun 2008;33, 3; ProQuest Medical Library 2008 pg. 117.
Nehlig A. Is Caffeine a Cognitive Enhancer? Journal of Alzheimer Disease 2010 20: S85S94.
Nouchi R, Taki Y, Takeuchi H, Hashizume H,Akitsuki Y. Brain Training Game Improves Executive Functions and Processing Speed in the Elderly : A Randomized Controlled Trial. Plus one journal, 2012 vol. 7, e2976.
Pudjiastuti, S.S. 2009. Fisioterapi pada Lansia. Jakarta: EGC.
Sastroasmoro, Sudigdo dan Ismael, Sofyan. 2008. Dasar-dasar Metodologi Penelitian Klinis. Edisi ke-3. Jakarta: Sagung Seto.
Setianto, B. 2004. “Pengetahuan Pelayanan Fisik Lanjut Usiaâ€. www.pjnhk.go.id. diakses, tanggal 16 Mei 2014.
Sugiyono. (2010). Metode Penelitian Kuantitatif Kualitatif & RND. Bandung: Alfabeta.
Who. Elderly. World Health Organization.2010. http://www.who.int/en/. Diakses tanggal 18 oktober 2014.
Wreksoatmodjo, Budi Riyanto. Aspek Neurologi. Tinjauan Kepustakaan. Cermin Dunia Kedokteran. 2012 No.144.
